Learn how to understand multi-step directions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Michael: Hi everyone, and welcome back to FinnishPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 25 - Making a Delicious Finnish Dish. Michael here. |
| Nico: Hei. I'm Nico. |
| Michael: In this final lesson of the series, you’ll learn how to use the imperative form, and how to understand instructions. The conversation takes place on the phone at a private home. |
| Nico: It's between Jukka and his mother. |
| Michael: The speakers are family, so they’ll be using informal Finnish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Jukka: Hei äiti. Voisitko neuvoa, miten lohikeittoa tehtiinkään? |
| Mother: Hei Jukka! Neuvon toki. Kiehauta ensin 6 dl (kuusi desilitraa) vettä maustepippureiden ja kalaliemikuution kanssa. |
| Jukka: Voinko laittaa kaksi kuutiota? |
| Mother: Voit kyllä. Kuori ja pilko sitten viisi perunaa, kaksi porkkanaa, sekä sipuli, ja lisää ne kiehuvaan veteen. |
| Jukka: Selvä. Entä seuraavaksi? |
| Mother: Pieni lohi pieniksi paloiksi, ja lisää palat noin kymmenen minuutin kuluttua kattilaan. Lisää myös purkki ruokakermaa ja hieman suolaa. Keitä vielä noin kymmenen minuuttia. |
| Jukka: Oliko siinä kaikki? |
| Mother: Lisää lopuksi vielä tuoretta tilliä. Ja nauti keitto ruisleivän kanssa! |
| Michael: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Jukka: Hei äiti. Voisitko neuvoa, miten lohikeittoa tehtiinkään? |
| Mother: Hei Jukka! Neuvon toki. Kiehauta ensin 6 dl (kuusi desilitraa) vettä maustepippureiden ja kalaliemikuution kanssa. |
| Jukka: Voinko laittaa kaksi kuutiota? |
| Mother: Voit kyllä. Kuori ja pilko sitten viisi perunaa, kaksi porkkanaa, sekä sipuli, ja lisää ne kiehuvaan veteen. |
| Jukka: Selvä. Entä seuraavaksi? |
| Mother: Pieni lohi pieniksi paloiksi, ja lisää palat noin kymmenen minuutin kuluttua kattilaan. Lisää myös purkki ruokakermaa ja hieman suolaa. Keitä vielä noin kymmenen minuuttia. |
| Jukka: Oliko siinä kaikki? |
| Mother: Lisää lopuksi vielä tuoretta tilliä. Ja nauti keitto ruisleivän kanssa! |
| Michael: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Jukka: Hi mom. Could you give me some advice? How is salmon soup made again? |
| Mother: Hello Jukka! Of course I can. First boil six deciliters of water with allspice and a fish stock cube. |
| Jukka: Can I put in two cubes? |
| Mother: Sure you can. Then peel and chop five potatoes, two carrots, and an onion, and add them to the boiling water. |
| Jukka: Okay. What's next? |
| Mother: Then finely chop the salmon into small pieces, and add the pieces to the pot after ten minutes. Also add one can of sour cream and a touch of salt. Boil approximately for another ten minutes. |
| Jukka: Was that all? |
| Mother: Finally, add some fresh dill. And enjoy the soup with rye bread! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Michael: Nico, do Finns like to cook? |
| Nico: Cooking and enjoying food is quite popular in Finland, and the TV is full of all kinds of cooking programs. |
| Michael: In the dialogue, we heard Jukka asking for a recipe... |
| Nico: Right, lately men are also becoming more interested in trying their cooking skills in the kitchen, partly thanks to young male celebrity chefs and a general interest in global food culture. |
| Michael: Every nation has their own typical daily foods and comfort foods. What are Finland’s? |
| Nico: For Finns, these kinds of dishes have typically been things like makaronilaatikko, a “macaroni casserole,” or kalakeitto, which is "fish soup.” However, for younger generations, “comfort food” might mean Indian curry or Italian pasta. |
| Michael: That’s interesting. Is there any word we should remember for this topic? |
| Nico: Yes, for example kotikokki |
| Michael: Which means "home cook." Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Michael: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Nico: kiehauttaa [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to boil |
| Nico: kiehauttaa[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: kiehauttaa [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Nico: laittaa [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to put, to prepare food |
| Nico: laittaa[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: laittaa [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Nico: kuoria [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to peel |
| Nico: kuoria[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: kuoria [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Nico: pilkkoa [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to chop |
| Nico: pilkkoa[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: pilkkoa [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Nico: lisätä [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to add |
| Nico: lisätä[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: lisätä [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Nico: kiehuva [natural native speed] |
| Michael: boiling |
| Nico: kiehuva[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: kiehuva [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Nico: kuluttua [natural native speed] |
| Michael: after |
| Nico: kuluttua[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: kuluttua [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Nico: hieman [natural native speed] |
| Michael: a touch of |
| Nico: hieman[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: hieman [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Nico: lopuksi [natural native speed] |
| Michael: finally |
| Nico: lopuksi[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: lopuksi [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Nico: nauttia [natural native speed] |
| Michael: enjoy |
| Nico: nauttia[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nico: nauttia [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Michael: Let's have a closer look at one of the words from this lesson, |
| Nico: lohikeitto. |
| Michael: Which means "salmon soup." |
| Nico: lohi means "salmon" and keitto is "soup." |
| Michael: Can you combine these two words with others to talk about different foods? |
| Nico: Sure. You can take off the first part of the word and refer to “soup” in general with just keitto. You can also replace lohi, "salmon," with the name of another ingredient. For example, kasviskeitto is "vegetable soup." |
| Michael: But is “salmon soup” a special dish in Finland? |
| Nico: Finland is a country with thousands of lakes, and is also bordered on the south and west coasts by the sea. |
| Michael: That’s why fish is a very popular ingredient in traditional Finnish dishes. Salmon soup used to be considered a very festive dish that was often served at weddings. |
| Nico: Nowadays it's also enjoyed as an everyday food, and is especially nice to eat during the cold winter months. |
| Michael: It sounds tasty! Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Nico: Sure. For example, you can say.. Söin eilen herkullista lohikeittoa. |
| Michael: ..which means "I ate some delicious salmon soup yesterday." Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Michael: In this lesson, you’ll improve your understanding of multi-step directions with numeric quantities. |
| Nico: More specifically, you’ll learn how to use the imperative form, and how to understand instructions. |
| Michael: The imperative is used when giving commands or instructions to other people. In Finnish, there are separate imperative forms for all the persons. However, in this lesson we’ll only be learning the imperative form you use when you tell a single listener to do something. Just keep in mind that like in many other languages, the imperative is a somewhat blunt way of telling people what to do, and isn’t appropriate in all situations. |
| Nico: Right. For example, at dinner it is much better to say Saisinko salaattia, |
| Michael: "May I have some salad, please," |
| Nico: than Anna salaattia, |
| Michael: "Give me some salad.” Still, there are many occasions when it is used naturally with no hint of rudeness. For example, you would use the imperative when giving someone instructions on how to get somewhere or how to perform a task, such as in our lesson. |
| Nico: The formation of the "you" imperative is very simple, as long as you know how to form a normal statement with that verb. |
| Michael: The imperative is just the stem to which the second person endings are attached, without the endings. |
| Nico: But please be careful about the exceptions, for example, the negation verb ei has an irregular imperative. The imperative of ei in the second person singular is älä. |
| Michael: Let’s give some other examples. Let’s start with the Finnish verb “to go,” |
| Nico: which is mennä. In a statement it would be sinä menet, |
| Michael: meaning "you go," |
| Nico: while in the imperative form it is mene! meaning “go!” |
| Michael: Let’s also see the Finnish verb “to wait.” |
| Nico: the infinitive is odottaa, the statement is sinä odotat and the imperative is odota! |
| Michael: Let’s now see an example with the negation verb you mentioned before. |
| Nico: Sure, let’s look at unohtaa, |
| Michael: which means “to forget.” |
| Nico: The negative statement is sinä et unohda and the negative imperative is älä unohda! |
| Michael: which respectively mean "you do not forget" and "don’t forget!" |
| Nico: Note that second person imperative sentences do not have the subject expressed. That’s why in an imperative sentence, an object that would normally be in the genitive is in the nominative instead. |
| Michael: The nominative is usually the case of the subject, but in sentences that cannot have a normal subject, the object "inherits" the nominative form. |
| Nico: Exactly. So we get Jukka pilkkoo sipulin pieneksi, |
| Michael: meaning "Jukka is chopping the onion into small pieces.” |
| Nico: Here, sipulin, which is the word that corresponds to “onion” is a genitive object, but the imperative sentence would be pilko sipuli pieneksi, |
| Michael: meaning "chop the onion into small pieces," |
| Nico: here sipuli is a nominative object. Another example is Soita kitaraa, |
| Michael: Meaning "Play the guitar." |
| Nico: Lue tämä kirja tänään. |
| Michael: "Read this book today." |
| Nico: Pese kädet ensin. |
| Michael: "Wash your hands first." You can find more examples throughout the main dialogue of the lesson, where Jukka’s mother gives him cooking instructions. |
| Nico: That’s right. |
Outro |
| Michael: Okay, that’s all for this lesson, and for this series. We hope you enjoyed it and found it useful. To reinforce what you’ve learned in this series, be sure to check the lesson notes. And if you have any questions or comments, leave us a post at FinnishPod101.com. |
| Nico: We’re here to help! |
| Michael: In the meantime, thank you for listening everyone, and we’ll see you in another series! Bye! |
| Nico: Hei hei. |
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