Learn how to talk about the weather using more versatile expressions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to FinnishPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 2 - Is There a Cold Snap on the Way in Finland? Eric here. |
| Päivi: Hei! I'm Päivi. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to understand and talk about weather conditions with more versatile expressions. The conversation is a weather forecast on the radio. |
| Päivi: It's between Pekka and an announcer. |
| Eric: The speakers are co-workers, so they’ll use formal Finnish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Kuuluttaja: Ja nyt kuulemme säätiedotuksen viikonlopulle. Kylmältä näyttää, vai mitä Pekka? |
| Pekka: Kyllä vain. Viikonloppua vietetään erittäin talvisessa säässä. |
| Pekka: Syynä pakkaseen on korkeapaine, joka on ulottunut Siperiasta asti meille. |
| Pekka: Pakkaslukemat liikkuvat 20-30 (kahdenkymmenen viiva kolmenkymmenen) asteen välillä koko maassa. |
| Pekka: Yötä kohden pakkanen kiristyy, ja Lapissa 40 (neljäkymmentä) pakkasastetta voi mennä rikki. |
| Pekka: Pakkasella pysytään myös ensi viikolla, joskin talvi hellittää otettaan hieman loppuviikolla. |
| Kuuluttaja: Selvä, kiitos Pekka! Villapaidat siis esiin! |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Announcer: And now we’ll hear the weather forecast for the weekend. Looks cold, or what, Pekka? |
| Pekka: Yes, indeed. The weekend will be spent in very wintry weather. |
| Pekka: The reason for the freezing weather is the high air pressure, which has extended all the way from Siberia to us. |
| Pekka: The freezing temperatures will move between -20 and -30 degrees throughout the whole country. |
| Pekka: Towards the night the frost will be tightening, and in Lapland -40 degrees might be seen. |
| Pekka: The freezing weather will continue on next week, although winter will lose its grip slightly towards the end of the week. |
| Announcer: Okay, thank you, Pekka! So bring out the sweaters! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Päivi, some of our listeners probably aren't used to such extreme weather forecasts. Could you tell us more about the temperatures in Finland? |
| Päivi: Sure! Winter weather can get quite cold and extreme in Finland, with temperatures going below -20 degrees celsius even in the south, and sometimes down to -45 degrees in the north. |
| Eric: Finns, however, are used to living with snow, ice, and freezing temperatures! |
| Päivi: That’s right. The houses are built warm, with double or triple glazed windows, central heating systems in some houses, and fireplaces and saunas taking care of additional heating. |
| Eric: Do snow and ice create problems with the traffic? |
| Päivi: Yes, but we’re always ready for that. If it snows, an army of snowplows will hit the streets to clear them. They also spread salt or sand on the roads if it gets very icy. Drivers are required by law to install winter tires. |
| Eric: What about airports? |
| Päivi: The Helsinki-Vantaa Airport is known around the world for its “Snow-How,” and almost never has to shut down, even in very cold temperatures. The longest time Helsinki Vantaa Airport ever had to temporarily halt its functions was for 30 minutes in 2003 due to heavy snow. |
| Eric: And what about clothes? Are there any tips you could give us, in case we decide to visit Finland in winter? |
| Päivi: The Finns learn early how to dress for the cold weather - the key is in layering and in choosing the correct materials. Schools in Finland also don't usually close in any kind of weather. Some schools may, however, have temperature limits, like -20 celsius degrees, below which the children don't go outside for recess. |
| Eric: Is there a useful sentence you could teach us here? |
| Päivi: Talvirenkaat on asennettava viimeistään 1.12. |
| Eric: Which means "Winter tires must be installed by December 1st at the latest." Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Päivi: säätiedotus [natural native speed] |
| Eric: weather forecast, weather report |
| Päivi: säätiedotus[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: säätiedotus [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: talvinen [natural native speed] |
| Eric: wintry |
| Päivi: talvinen[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: talvinen [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: pakkanen [natural native speed] |
| Eric: frost, freeze, freezing weather |
| Päivi: pakkanen[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: pakkanen [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: korkeapaine [natural native speed] |
| Eric: high pressure |
| Päivi: korkeapaine[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: korkeapaine [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: ulottua [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to extend |
| Päivi: ulottua[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: ulottua [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: kiristyä [natural native speed] |
| Eric: tighten |
| Päivi: kiristyä[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: kiristyä [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: pakkasaste [natural native speed] |
| Eric: degree for freezing temperatures, below 0 degrees celsius |
| Päivi: pakkasaste[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: pakkasaste [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Päivi: hellittää [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to ease |
| Päivi: hellittää[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: hellittää [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And lastly.. |
| Päivi: loppuviikko [natural native speed] |
| Eric: the rest of the week, the second half of the week |
| Päivi: loppuviikko[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: loppuviikko [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Päivi: korkeapaine |
| Eric: meaning "high pressure." |
| Päivi: This word is made up of two other words, korkea meaning "high" or "tall" and paine, meaning "pressure." |
| Eric: You can use this word when you’re referring to the weather phenomenon called high "pressure" or an "anticyclone." Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Päivi: Sure. For example, you can say.. Korkeapaine lähestyy viikonlopun aikana. |
| Eric: ..which means "The high pressure system will be approaching during the weekend." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Päivi: pakkaslukema |
| Eric: meaning "reading for freezing temperatures," so temperatures below 0 degrees celsius. |
| Päivi: pakkaslukema is made up of two parts, pakkas- referring to the word pakkanen, which means a freezing weather condition, and lukema, meaning "reading." |
| Eric: This word can be used when you’re talking about a degree of temperature that is below 0 celsius. It’s usually accompanied by some kind of qualifier, either a number or a word expressing quantity or quality, like "a lot" or "hard." Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Päivi: Sure. For example, you can say.. Ulkona on kovat pakkaslukemat. |
| Eric: .. which means "There are hard sub-zero readings outside."Okay, what's the next word? |
| Päivi: pakkasaste |
| Eric: meaning "degree for freezing temperatures," again, temperatures below 0 degrees celsius. |
| Päivi: The word pakkasaste is made up of two parts, pakkas- referring to the word pakkanen, which means a freezing weather condition, and aste, meaning "degree." |
| Eric: You can also use this word when you’re talking about a temperature below 0 celsius. It’s also usually accompanied by some kind of qualifier, either a number or a word expressing quantity. Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Päivi: Sure. For example, you can say.. Ulkona on 15 pakkasastetta. |
| Eric: .. which means "It's fifteen below zero outside." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: In this lesson, you'll learn how to understand and talk about weather conditions with more versatile expressions. More specifically, you’ll learn how to talk about predictions using new sentence-ending expressions. These expressions indicate probability, possibility, or the speaker's conjecture. You'll also learn some vocabulary words that express weather conditions. |
| Päivi: Let’s start with the potential, called Potentiaali in Finnish. The main characteristic of the Finnish potential is the ending -ne. The potential can be conjugated in the present tense and in the present perfect tense. |
| Eric: How is it formed? |
| Päivi: The present tense of the potential is formed by adding the -ne ending and personal suffix to the infinitive stem. |
| Eric: Let’s see a practical example, using a verb related to the weather. |
| Päivi: Sure, for example, paistaa which means “to shine,” becomes paistanee in the third person singular, meaning “will probably shine,” or “is most likely to shine.” |
| Eric: How about “will probably rain” or “is most likely to rain”? |
| Päivi: That would be satanee, from the verb sataa meaning “to rain.” We add -ne- and the personal suffix -e. Another verb often used in weather forecast is lienee, |
| Eric: which is similar to “will” or “will probably or possibly be,” and expresses that something or someone is probably something or somewhere. |
| Päivi: Here's an example – Huomenna lienee aurinkoinen ilma. |
| Eric: meaning “It's most likely to be sunny tomorrow.” Päivi, what other words can be used to express probability? |
| Päivi: There are many adverbs, such as luultavasti or todennäköisesti, |
| Eric: both meaning “probably.” |
| Päivi: Other similar words are ehkäpä or kenties, |
| Eric: both meaning “perhaps.” Päivi, please give us some example sentences with these words. |
| Päivi: Sure, Iltapäivällä sataa todennäköisesti. |
| Eric: "It will probably rain in the afternoon." |
| Päivi: Ehkäpä koe on(kin) helppo. |
| Eric: "Perhaps the test will be easy." |
| Päivi: The same meaning could be expressed with Kenties koe onkin helppo. |
| Eric: Ok. Now let’s give some examples of words related to the weather. Listeners, remember to check out the lesson notes, where you will find a complete list. |
| Päivi: Here are some verbs. tuulla |
| Eric: "to blow" |
| Päivi: kylmentyä |
| Eric: “to cool down” |
| Päivi: jäätyä |
| Eric: “to freeze” or “to get icy.” In the lesson notes you’ll also find adjectives and nouns. To wrap up this lesson, let’s give some sample sentences. |
| Päivi: Sure! For example, Lännestä alkaen pilvistyvää ja lumisadetta. |
| Eric: "From the west it’s getting cloudy and there is snow." |
| Päivi: Etelässä satanee iltapäivällä jonkin verran lunta. |
| Eric: "It will probably snow lightly in the south during the afternoon." |
| Päivi: Yön aikana sää selkenee ja kylmenee. |
| Eric: "During the night the weather clears up and cools down." |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Päivi: Hei hei! |
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