Learn how to use the imperative mood when giving instructions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to FinnishPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 4 - An Emergency Situation in Finland. Eric here. |
| Päivi: Hei! I'm Päivi. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the imperative mood to give instructions. The conversation takes place on the phone. |
| Päivi: It's between Jukka and an emergency line worker. |
| Eric: The speakers are strangers, so they will use both formal and informal Finnish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Työntekijä: Haloo, hätäkeskus. |
| Jukka: Hei, tarvitsen äkkiä ambulanssin! Täällä on vanhus joka liukastui pahasti jäisellä tiellä. |
| Työntekijä: Rauhoittukaa - mikä paikkakunta on kyseessä? |
| Jukka: Helsinki. Hänellä on kovia kipuja, tulkaa äkkiä! |
| Työntekijä: Kertokaa osoite hitaasti. |
| Jukka: Tämä on.. hetkinen.. Brahenkadun ja Porvoonkadun kulmassa. Urheilukentän vieressä. |
| Työntekijä: Älä sulje puhelinta, poistun hetkeksi linjalta. |
| Jukka: Selvä. |
| Työntekijä: No niin, apua on matkalla. Odottakaa siellä, kunnes ambulanssi saapuu. Voiko teidät tavoittaa tästä numerosta? |
| Jukka: Kyllä. Kiitos! |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Employee: Hello, emergency response center. |
| Jukka: Hi, I need an ambulance really quickly! There is an elderly person here who slipped really badly on the icy road. |
| Employee: Please calm down—which district are you in? |
| Jukka: Helsinki. She's in a lot of pain, please come soon! |
| Employee: Please tell me the address slowly. |
| Jukka: This is... wait.. at the corner of Brahe street and Porvoo street. Next to the sports field. |
| Employee: Please don't hang up, I will go off the line for a moment. |
| Jukka: All right. |
| Employee: Okay, help is on the way. Please wait there until the ambulance arrives. Can I reach you at this number? |
| Jukka: Yes. Thank you! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Päivi, are accidents due to icy roads very common in Finland? |
| Päivi: Yes, definitely. In general we don’t have big or severe natural phenomenons that cause large accidents, but from the time we are children we’re taught what to do when an emergency occurs. This can be someone getting injured, a fire, or even rescuing someone from thin ice. |
| Eric: I suppose that different skills are taught at different ages. |
| Päivi: Right, children are taught through games, lessons, and animation about how to act safely in their environment and how to call for help, while older students are taught how to give simple first aid. |
| Eric: I see. Have you ever found yourself in an emergency? |
| Päivi: Not really, but I remember, as do many other Finnish grownups, a classic animation about safety. With the help of a teddy bear, "Nalle," and a little boy, "Heikki," the program explains how to rescue someone from thin ice. And most of all, it teaches you that you should avoid going on thin ice in the first place! |
| Eric: Is this animation shown all year? |
| Päivi: No, just in spring and autumn, when thin ice is a real danger. You should know that this animation has received both praise and criticism, because some children find the events and the soundscape in it too scary. |
| Eric: You’ve made me really curious about it! |
| Päivi: You can find it on the Internet by searching for Varokaa heikkoa jäätä! which means “Beware of thin ice!” |
| Eric: I'll check it out! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Päivi: hätäkeskus [natural native speed] |
| Eric: public safety answering point, emergency response center |
| Päivi: hätäkeskus[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: hätäkeskus [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: tarvita [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to need |
| Päivi: tarvita[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: tarvita [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: ambulanssi [natural native speed] |
| Eric: ambulance |
| Päivi: ambulanssi[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: ambulanssi [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: liukastua [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to slip |
| Päivi: liukastua[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: liukastua [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: rauhoittua [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to calm down |
| Päivi: rauhoittua[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: rauhoittua [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Päivi: paikkakunta [natural native speed] |
| Eric: locality |
| Päivi: paikkakunta[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: paikkakunta [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Päivi: kertoa [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to tell |
| Päivi: kertoa[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: kertoa [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Päivi: hitaasti [natural native speed] |
| Eric: slowly |
| Päivi: hitaasti[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: hitaasti [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And lastly.. |
| Päivi: odottaa [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to wait |
| Päivi: odottaa[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Päivi: odottaa [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Päivi: paikkakunta |
| Eric: meaning "locality." |
| Päivi: paikka, means "place," and kunta means "municipality," "parish," or "commune." |
| Eric: This word refers to any inhabited village, city, or locality, but it especially refers to a municipality. Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Päivi: Sure. For example, you can say.. Tämä paikkakunta on kuuluisa leivästään. |
| Eric: ..which means "This locality is famous for its bread." Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Päivi: olla tavoitettavissa |
| Eric: meaning "to be reached at" or "to be available." You can use this phrase when you want to say that you or someone else can or can not be reached by some kind of communication device. Or, for example, when you want to express that someone can be reached from a certain place. |
| Päivi: Right. For example, you can say Olen tavoitettavissa toimistoltani ensi viikolla |
| Eric: Which means "I can be reached at my office next week." |
| Päivi: You can also say.. Lääkärin täytyy olla tavoitettavissa melkein koko ajan. |
| Eric: .. which means "A doctor must be reachable at almost all times." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use the imperative mood for giving instructions. The imperative is used to tell people what to do, in order to give instructions or advice. |
| Päivi: The imperative form is commonly used in the singular 2nd and the plural 2nd forms. For example, in the dialogue, the person at the emergency response center said Älä sulje puhelinta, |
| Eric: meaning “do not hang up the phone.” |
| Päivi: She also used the plural form to express politeness, which is Kertokaa osoite hitaasti, |
| Eric: “Please tell me the address slowly.” How is the imperative formed? |
| Päivi: The imperative in the singular form is formed from the verb stem of the 1st singular, by removing the -n suffix. For example, “I read” is Minä luen, so you just need to drop the final -n from luen and you will get Lue! |
| Eric: Which means “Read!” How about the negative form? |
| Päivi: That's formed by adding the negation älä, meaning “do not,” in front of the imperative. For example, Älä syö! |
| Eric: “Do not eat!” |
| Päivi: Here’s another. Älä mene sinne! |
| Eric: “Do not go there!” When you want to use the imperative in a more polite or respectful manner, such as when talking to strangers, you can use the imperative in the plural 2nd person. |
| Päivi: Right, the imperative in the plural 2nd person is formed by adding the -kaa or -kää ending to the stem of the infinite form. For example, Istua, “to sit," becomes Istukaa! which means “Sit!”, but it’s more polite. |
| Eric: Does the negative imperative change? |
| Päivi: The negative imperative is formed by adding the plural negation älkää(“do not”) in front of the stem of the infinitive, and ending -ko or -kö to the stem. For example, Älkää menkö! means “Do not go!”, menkö is made of the stem men- and the ending -kö and it sounds more polite. |
| Eric: Ok, let’s wrap up this lesson with a couple of sample sentences. |
| Päivi: Käänny seuraavasta risteyksestä oikealle. |
| Eric: "Turn right at the next crossing." |
| Päivi: Siivoa heti huoneesi! |
| Eric: "Clean up your room right now!" |
| Päivi: Kuunnelkaa tarkasti! |
| Eric: "Listen carefully!" |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Päivi: Hei hei! |
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